EFFECT OF ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION ON THE PEOPLE OF URBAN CENTRES
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of contents
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background to the study
Statement of the Problem
Objective of study
Significant of the study
The study Area
Research Question
Definition of Terms
CHAPTER TWO
Literature review
CHAPTER THREE
Methodology
Research Design
Population and Sample
Sampling Procedure
Instrumentation
Data Collection
Data Analysis
CHAPTER FOUR
Data Analysis and Discussion
CHAPTER FIVE
Summary, Conclusion and
Recommendation
Summary
Findings
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
Appendix
CHAPTER ONE
Introduction
Background to the study
Before the introduction of
environmental sanitation programme, Major General Mohammed Buhari (Rtd) and
Major General Tunde Idaagbo regime first of all introduce war Against
indiscipline (WAI) which was launched in Lagos
on 20th of March 1984. This was followed by the launching of the Ondo State
Chapter in Akure on 13th April 1984 and that of Ado local Government Area on 21st June, 1984.
The programme of War Against
indiscipline was left gave birth to the idea of WAI Brigade which is an Arm of
National Consciousness and Enlightenment Committee in the execution of there
duties.
WAI Brigade was expected to assist in
the realization of National Consciousness and Enlightenment objective in this
regard the Ondo State WAI Brigade was formally launched in the premises of the
defunct Ondo State House of Assembly on 18th July 1988 by the military Governor
many commodore MM Otiko.
21st October 1998, witnessed the
passing out parade of WAI Brigade at Saint Peter’s College Akure under the
chairmanship of the military Governor Nauy Capt O.M. Akingba History was
therefore created in the local government area with the passing out parade of
the WAI Brigade members after a period of two days training at the patriots who
are expected to train in the vanguards and crusaders in their respective e
institutions of learning department and towns and villages.
During the General Ibrahim Babangida’s
regime in 1992 he included War Against corruption to the War Against
Indiscipline (WAI) to be WAR AGAINST INDISCIPLINE AND CORRUPTION (WIC) WAI is
now WAIC up to date.
War Against Indiscipline and
Corruption (WAIC) which is backed up by the federal military. Government decrease stated that on the last
Saturday of every month everybody irrespective of his or her status should stay
out home to keep the environment clean between 7:00am to 10:00am except workers
an essential duties such as nurses, doctors, police, etc.
The foundation of environmental
health rest squarely on the essential of existence of man’s need man’s use of
air, water, feed, and shelter since sanitation is basic to community
existence. It is understandable that
pionners in public health gave primary attention to cleanliness water supply,
waste disposal and food.
Statement of the Problem
The problems of environmental
planning range from lack of clarity of aim to inadequacy of fire and patriotic
administration.
Also some people do not known that
poor environment at sanitation is one of the major causes of communicable
diseases that are rampant in our cities Bacteria can reproduce if environmental
condition of an area is conducive for their living process.
But some people mainly the illiterates
are not aware of the fact that, it is major causes of communicable diseases.
Again inadequacy of competent
personnels to handle the issue of public health inspection is a consequency of
the abortage of fund for the training and maintenance of the public health
machinery in all man has always make use of his environment and changes it to
serve in need.
Objectives of the study
The
main objective of this study is to examine the effects of environmental
sanitation of urban centres a case study of Ado local Government specifically the study
is out to
1)
Identify
and examine the factors that are contributing to the unhealthy environment are
contributing to the urban centres
2)
Identify
and examine the roles of WAIG (WAI) agence in enforcing environmental sanitation
ethics.
3)
Recommend
possible solution to the problem facing environmental sanitation in Ado local Government area of Ekiti State.
Significance of the study
The aim of this study is to enrich
the researcher’s knowledge and learning process and also to examine the effort
of local and state Governments in the promotion of environmental sanitation,
primary health care delivery system and maintaining equilibrium between the
individual and the environment.
This study will therefore educately
the masses on the danger of improper disposal of refuse and the different
diseases associated with dirtiness and the effect of these diseases an our
health the study also intends to offer useful suggestions on how to improve the
methods of environmental sanitation and enhancing adequate and prompt public
health delivery system.
The study Area
Ado local government was curved out of
the defunct Ekiti central local Government Area by Major General Ibrahim
Gbadamosi Babangida Administration in May 1989. The history of the two town now
a local government dated back to a period before the advent of Ewi
dynasty. It grow into a town of rapate
about 100 years age.
Since the lord lugard reform of 1966
Ado Ekiti, has been enjoying unique political position as a centre of
Administration when it was made the headquarter Ado – Ekiti District council was create and
started operation in that capacity since 1953.
The government of late General
Muritala Mohammed recognize the prime position of Ado – Ekiti by making it the
Headquarters of Ekiti central local Government in 1976.
The local government is bounded on
the north west
by Ifelodun local Government which cover an area of about 265km and the East
West stretch is about 20m.
The landscape is dotted with rounded
hiselberge and sleep ended hills of volcanic origin such as Ajoba hill rights
in the front of the local government secretariat central to the region are
gently undulating slopes which from the source of streams like Awo – Awodele
Ajilosun etc.
In 1963 the population of Ado
township was 157 – 519 but now has increases by 90% over a period of 40 years
putting the annual average at 3% as at now, the local government is presumed to
have a project population figure of 430, 990 and a population density of 2, 398
persons per square kilometer on October 1st 1986 General Sanni Abach created
Ekiti State and Ado Ekiti was declared as the capital.
Research Question
1)
Is
there significant difference between people living in rural environment and
people loving urban area?
2)
Is
there significant difference between sink toilet and pick toilet in rural area
and urban area?
3)
Is
there significant difference between the way people in rural area dispose their
refuse and the way people in urban area are dispose their refuse?
4)
Is
there significant difference between taken care of a toilet in rural area and
that of urban area?
5)
Is
there significant difference between pit toilet wasted and sik toilet in rural
area and urban area and disposed?
6)
Is
there significant difference of making environmental affective in rural area and
urban area? State the paramentals?
7)
Is
there significant difference between the incinerator in rural area and urban
area?
8)
What
are your belief about environmental sanitation in the rural and urban area.
9)
Are
the health inspectors coming down to your area or locality? How many time per
month?
10)
How
do you take care of your post in rural and urban centres?
Definition of the Terms
Environmental refer to the naturally
god given and man – made objects and feature of physical world that surround
man.
Sanitation:
The removal of waste of all kinds from the home and its environment it is the
removal of waste or refuse products.
Physical Environmental: This is the sum total of all visible environmental
conditions such as climate air etc.
Communicable:
A disease which can be easily spread from one person to another.
Hazard: Danger
within the environment where people living.
Evaculation: I
– collection of refuse or waste product.
Refuse: This
is waste materials e.g. kitchen waste.
Dust Bin: This
is movable receptete with cover for dipsit of refuse.
Dumpt: Any
place specified by the community for deposit of waste product.
Incinerator: A
specially created machine approve for burning refuse.
Pollution:
Spoiling of environments by making it impure for human health.
Epidemics: A
disease which become wide spread in a particular place at a particular time.