A SURVEY OF TEACHERS ATTITUDE AND AUDIO VISUAL UTILIZATION IN THE ENGLISH CLASS IN SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS
Abstract
This project work was undertaken to
survey of teachers attitude and audio visual utilization in the English class
in selected secondary schools in ise local government area of Ekiti State. To
find solution to the problems which gave to undertaking the survey
questionnaires were raised to check the availability use and the attitude of
teachers towards audio/visual aids in English teaching in the selected
secondary school in the local government areas of study. From the findings it
was discovered that audio/visual aids are not available in schools therefore teachers
teach the various language skills without the required basic aids.
Recommendations were therefore made to the appropriate authorities to provide
and maintain audio/visual aids in the teaching of English Language so as to
enhance the promotion of learning among pupils towards improved yearly
performance and daily use.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title
Page…………………………………………………………………..i
Certification………………………………………………………............ii
Approval
Page…………………………………………………….............iii
Dedication………………………………………………………………...iv
Acknowledgement………………………………………………………..v
Abstract…………………………………………………………………...vi
Table of
Contents………………………………………………………..vii
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
Statement
of Problem
Purpose
of the Study
Significance
of the Study
Delimitation of the Study
Research Questions
Hypotheses
CHAPTER TWO
Review of
Literature
Introduction
What are audio-visual
materials?
Audio-Visual Aids as a Means of Communication
Audio-Visual Aids as a Means for Retention
Audio-Visual Aids as a Means to Save Time
Radio
and Television as audio-visual materials
Effective
utilization of the various audio-visual materials to aid effective learning
Gramophone Record
Radio Programmes
Television Sets
Computer
The
importance of visuals in Second Language Acquisition.
Using visuals through Media in the
language Classroom.
The
significant effect of using audio-visual in learning
Summary of literature
reviewed.
CHAPTER THREE
Methodology
Design
of the Study
Area
of Study
Population
of the study
Sample
of the Study
Instrument
for Data Collection
Validation
of the Instrument
Data
Analysis Technique
CHAPTER
FOUR
Presentation
and Analysis of Data
Discussion of Findings
CHAPTER
FIVE
SUMMARY,
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS
Summary
Conclusion
Implications of the study
Recommendation
Suggestions for further research
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background of the study
The usefulness
of audio -visual materials in learning cannot be overemphasized. Audio visual
stimulate learners. Their effectiveness is derived from the fact that, learners
draw from the different things at the same time, and can interpret the message
being communicated by the teacher at different levels.
Audio visual
aids are instructional materials and devices through which teaching and
learning are done in colleges in particular more effectively. Audio visual
materials are teaching and learning tools whose purpose is to make learning
easier for the learners. Audio visual materials are used in the teaching and
learning processes to make leaning more enjoyable. Classroom learning depends
on effective teaching. Skillful teachers use different techniques to make
teaching effective in addition to teaching methods; the language teacher can
introduce audio visual materials.
This is because it is by integrating
these with other teaching methods that maximum learning can be achieved.
Audio visual materials
are indispensable in the teaching and learning processes. They increase the
effectiveness of learning by helping the pupils to assimilate ideas in a more
meaningful and interesting manner. Through the appeal to the eye and the car.
The)' provide steady improvement in knowledge and skills. The use audio visual
aids would upgrade this teaching of English and give students with learning
experience in active participation in all of learning activities.
Audio visual materials
are very important in the secondary school as a student teacher on teaching
practice; I often faced several lessons pondering on how to introduce them and
what audio visual materials I could make use of that could contribute to
effective learning.
From what 1
observed in several secondary schools, the English language is not a practical
subject like the physical or the biological sciences. Therefore extra efforts
should be made to design and utilize appropriate audio-visual materials in
order to produce effective learning in the English language class. During my
teaching practice, I found out that, audio-visual materials could be helpful in
solving several problems that teachers of English face in the classroom.
However, I observed during the teaching practices exercise that many teachers
of English did not make use of audio-visual materials for teaching.
In this
research, the use of audio-visual aids would upgrade the teaching of English
and give students with learning experiences in active participation in all
phases of learning activities. This research paper designed to how tools and
techniques enhance teaching the English language more effectively.
Below are some definitions that should
be known to the readers of this Work Attitude:
In layman definition, attitude may refer to the
distinct concept of mood or be especially synonymous with teenage rebellion. An
attitude can be defined as a positive or negative evaluation of people, objects
events, activities, ideas or just about anything in your environment but there
is debate about please definition. According to Gordon (2007), he describe
attitude as the most distinctive and indispensable concept in contemporary
social psychology.
Teaching:
Mahuta (2009) defined teaching as the interaction
between students and the teachers on a particular subject matter. Teaching is
thus defined by Akinpelu (2006) as a triadic transaction between the teacher,
the learner and the subject matter, the intention of which is to transform the
situation and bring about a change in the perspective or awareness of the
learner. Teaching is the process of imparting knowledge or encoding information
acquire to other so that the decodes may be able to modify his behavior.
Learning:
According to Travers (2007) he defined learning as
relatively permanent change in behavior as a result of exposure to condition in
the environment.
English
language: English language is the world language and as
a second language of the world. It is a medium of instruction at all levels of
education. According to Aremu O. (2012) English language is a medium of
communication, like every other language in the world.
Audio-visual:
Audio materials according to oxford dictionary, audio
materials refers to general terms for hardware (equipment) soft (consumable)
and media used in learning, teaching and research which communicate through the
ear.
Visual
materials: Kate (2005) visual aids as any object or picture that relate to the
subject. Visual materials general terms for hardware and media use in leaning,
teaching and research which provide visual experiences such materials include
films projectors, picture chart and transparency.
Audio
visual materials: audio visual aids or materials are
compact in nature because as the name implies is of compound word which when
separated portray different connotation. Therefore, for the purpose of this
study, the term audio visual may refer to work with both a sound and a visual
component. According to Erikson (2002) Audio visual is an instructional
material that can be used to convey meaning without complete dependence upon
verbal symbols or language. It involve the simultaneous use of the sense organs
especially the dual senses that is sense of learning and vision in the learning
and teaching process.
This study intends to find out the
problems in teaching of English at secondary school level. In the process of
teaching and learning of English, the audio-visual technology is used by many
schools, so the effectiveness of audio-visual technology is unquestionable.
Therefore,
this study intends to investigate the following problems:
1.
Non-availability of
audio-visual materials in the secondary school for the teaching of the English
language.
2.
Inadequacy of audio-visual
materials for teaching of the English language
3.
Attitude of the English
language teacher to the use of audio visual materials in the teaching of
English language.
4.
Extent to which audio-visual materials
motivate the interest of the learners of English.-
Purpose
of the Study
This research
work is to find out the attitude of teachers to the use of audio-visual
materials in the teaching of the English language. Many teachers have shield
away from the use of audio-visual because they are frightened. This research
work will also analyze the development and importance of teaching. Learning
through multimedia; analyze the effectiveness of teaching and learning through
audio-visual media among students and teachers at the secondary school level;
elicit the views of English teachers over the use of oral and multimedia
teaching at secondary level.
The general
performances of students in the English language are considered to be poor. It
is obvious and hoped that the result of this study will undoubtedly improve and
enhance more on the attitude of teachers toward the use of audio-visual
materials in teaching of English language. Teachers, parents’ ministries of
education and educators, all agree and complain that there has been a fall in
the standard of English in the schools. The English language is an official
language in Nigeria. It is the language of commerce, education and government.
This is the reason why the falling standard has been a cause for concern.
The
researchers will also give more encouragement to the teachers of English on the
use of audio-visual materials in teaching of the English language. The use of
audio-visual improves learning in English language. However, it has been
observed that teachers do not make use of audio-visual materials in the
teaching of English language in secondary schools. It will be helpful in trying
to solve the problem of poor performance in English language in secondary
schools' to find out what teachers attitude are the use of audio-visual
materials. It will also be of help to the teachers to know that use of
audio-visual materials in teaching the English language in secondary schools
are not for decoration' but for proper understanding during the teaching
process. This study will have made a valuable to knowledge if it leads to a
discovery of why most teachers do not use audio-visual materials.
Delimitation
of the Study
This research is to examine the
altitude of teacher to the use of audio visual materials in the teaching of the
English Language and also to work on how to make use of audio visual materials
effective in the teaching of English Language.
Research
Questions
This
research work will attempt to answer these specific questions
1.
Are audio-visual materials available in the
secondary schools for the teaching of the English language?
2.
What is the attitude of the
English language teachers to the use of audio-visual materials in the teaching
of the language?
3.
To what extent can audio-visual
materials motivate the interest of the learners?
4.
If audio-visual material are
available to what extent can we describe them adequate?
Hypotheses
1.
There is no audio-visual material in the
secondary schools.
2.
There is no adequate use of audio-visual
materials in secondary schools.
3.
There is no motivation of learners’
interest in the use of audio visual materials
CHAPTER
TWO
REVIEW
OF LITERATURE
INTRODUCTION
A lot of relevant studies have been
carried out on the use of audio visual materials in the teaching of the
English language in senior secondary schools in Nigeria and other countries of
the world. It is very important to note that audio-visual materials are part of
teaching aids that help the learners or students in their education.
This chapter
therefore focuses on the related review of literature on the attitude of
teachers to the use of audio-visual materials in the teaching of English
language in secondary schools.
The literature
for this study is reviewed under the following subheadings;
i.
What are Audio-visual
materials?
ii.
Radio and Television as
Audio-visual material
iii.
Effective utilization of
audio-visual aspect of the English language.
iv.
The
importance of visuals in Second Language Acquisition.
v.
Using
visuals through Media in the language Classroom.
vi.
The significant effect of using
audio-visual in leaning
vii.
Summary of review of
literature.
