COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STUDENTS PERFORMANCE IN ECONOMICS IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL IN EKITI STATE


COMPARATIVE STUDY OF STUDENTS PERFORMANCE IN ECONOMICS  IN PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECONDARY SCHOOL  IN EKITI STATE
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Background to the study
The constraint or yardstick in the measurement or determine into of ones success, success or failure on an assigned duty, specific task, education and or, in a business endeavour is by the evaluation of his/her performance in their various subjects of study in Nigeria is a thing of long time origin.
          Public secondary schools are supported and controlled by the government of the state. Adeyinka (2010) stated that public schools are those schools that were established, managed, financed, as well as supervised by the government. He further opined that those schools were established with the tax payer's money in order to educate the generality of the people irrespective of their economic, social or political status in the society. Public secondary schools are neither controlled by individuals, private interest groups, or agencies but by the government. After the creation of Nigeria, all the schools that were established were under the management and control of either the federal and state government. All subjects were taught at the schools. But after some years most public schools started suffering repercussion of neglecting the teaching of some subjects in public secondary schools, subjects like French, history, computer  science among others. MojeebAlabi in National mirror of September 23rd 2012 opined that History as a subject seems to be receiving less attention; he attributed the problem to
constant changes in government policy. He stated that Nigeria's educational policy is seriously unfriendly to local contents in the curriculum, this notwithstanding, lack of adequate funding, poor teachers salary among others adversely affect the teaching and learning in most public schools.
As a result of this, private individuals, private groups and organizationsstarted to establish, manage and finance private schools to educate children and alsomake profit. The owners and proprietors of those private schools are profit earners dueto the fact that they invested their money in building the schools, providing all thenecessary facilities and equipment, employment of qualified and competent teachers forthe purpose of giving good education to the children and also making profits. These private schools include in their curriculum all the subjects especially those not done inpublic schools. Nwangwu (2000) stated that the private schools offer what the publicschools cannot provide and that they relive parents the burden of having their childrenstay at home for long periods of time as a result of continuous strikes by teachers in thepublic schools. He stated that private schools run without disruption in the schoolscalendar thereby providing steady and quality education unlike the public schools.
Okpara (2000) observed that in NECO Examinations, the performances of students inprivate schools are better than the performance of students in public schools. He alsostated that private schools are closely monitored and supervised by the schoolmanagement boards, as a result; they perform better in external examinations
Statement of the problem
Academic performance of students in the  Economics   has received much attention  in Nigeria on system At the beginning of every academic year when Economics  results are released, educational stakeholders raise a lot of concerns about the falling performance of students. In  Nigeria, public  school   are three times the size and also have the highest number of student than the private   Schools. Currently more private   Schools are emerging and are performing better in   Economics  Examination and most of the parents are taking their wards from public  to private on the basis that private  school provide quality education, have good supervision, high parental commitment, motivation and good methodology leading to the commitment of kids in their education than public school. The researcher observed that there is unimpressive performance of students in secondary school, the researcher therefore embarked on this study to find out whether there is actually any performance difference in academic performance of students in Economics   between public and private schools in Ikere local government Area .
Objectives of the study
This study sets out to achieve the following objectives:
1. To find out if there is significant difference in the academic performance of male Students of private and public schools in Economics   in Ekiiti State
2. To find out if there is significant difference in the academic performance of female Students of private and public schools in Economics   in Ekiiti State
3. To find out if there are significant differences in terms of school equipment/facilities between the private and public Secondary  schools in Ekiiti State
4. To find out if there are significant differences in terms of qualification of teachers in private and public Secondary  schools in Ekiiti State
5. To find out if there are significant differences in terms of teacher welfare package(s) in private and public Secondary  schools in Ekiiti State
1.4 Research questions
1. Is there any significant difference in the academic performance of male Students in public and private Secondary  schools?
2. Is there any significant difference in academic performance of female Students in public and private Secondary  schools?
3. Do private Secondary  schools have better equipment/facilities than the public Secondary  schools?
4. Do private Secondary  schools have more qualified teachers than the public Secondary  schools?
5. Do the private Secondary  school teachers have better welfare than the public Secondary  school teachers?
 Research Hypotheses
1. There is no significant difference in the academic performance of male Students of public and private Secondary  schools.
2. There is no significant difference in the academic performance of female Students of private and public Secondary  schools.
3. There are no significant differences in the school facilities provided by private and public Secondary  schools.
4. There are no significant differences in terms of qualification of teachers in private and public Secondary  schools.
5. There are no significant differences in the teacher welfare provided by Secondary  school teachers of private and public schools.
Significance of the study
The main aim of carrying out research in education is to bring about positive improvement in the practice of education through finding new knowledge or information. Therefore, this research is important in many areas to the following stakeholders in the business of education for obtaining good output in Secondary  education
This study is significant and beneficial to the teachers in many areas. The  research will make the teachers conscious of the current status of Secondary  school Students’ academic performance in both public and private schools  in Ekiti state. The study will also expose to them the factors responsible for the differences in academic performance of the Students in public and private Secondary  schools if there is any difference and suggest the possible ways to be followed to remedy the situation. At the same time, the research will reveal to them the significance of facilities required for effective teaching- learning like adequate classroom space, curriculum system, experienced and qualified teachers, game fields, teachers’ development etc,
The study is also important to students in their learning process. The research will make them know the level of their academic performance especially in social studies subjects. Thus, the students through this research will be able to grasp certain areas of their considerable effort and excellent academic performance in the subject they study, and also be aware of their deficiencies in certain areas of their Economics   subject. The study is also paramount importance to students because the acquisition of the suitable levels of literacy manipulative, communicative and good life skills, values and norms will serve as bed-rock, for laying a sound foundation for their future learning, improvement and development.
The study is very crucial to the curriculum planners. The curriculum planners are professional individuals who are well trained in curriculum management, they are active participants in the field of curriculum and they are responsible for curriculum planning as regards to contents and implementation procedures. Therefore, curriculum planning has been seen as a collection of readings that presents the knowledge, skills and alternative strategies needed by curriculum planners and teachers at all levels of education from early childhood through adulthood.
Thus, the curriculum planners through this study will come to know whether the curriculum system of private Secondary  schools in the areas studied is in line with public Secondary  schools curriculum system or not, so that a good action would be taken to ensure similar curriculum system. However, if the curriculum system particularly  in Economics   is similar in both public and private Secondary  schools in the study area, then the curriculum planners will have a thorough knowledge on the current curriculum system of public and private Secondary  schools in the study areas. The study will also  reveal to them the process involved of curriculum implementation in these selected public and private Secondary  schools in the three different Educational zones.
The research is also useful and beneficial to the federal, state and local government education policy makers. The policy makers in education include: the inister of education, commissioners of education, local government education secretaries and so on. Therefore, the outcome of this research will give them a clear picture of the level of academic performance of public and private Secondary  school Students. Having known the academic performance of Secondary  school Students especially in Economics  , the policy makers can create or formulate new educational policy that will ensure the same curriculum system in both public and private Secondary  schools in thestudy areas, and Ekiiti State in general so as to achieve similar objectives in both publicand private Secondary  schools
Basic Assumptions
The research is based on the assumption that:
1. Private and public schools have effective teachers of Economics  .
2. Private and public Secondary  schools in Ekiiti State have adequate supply of instructional materials for effective teaching of Economics   subject.
3. Both private and public Secondary  school Students in Ekiiti State perform well in Economics   subject.
4. Both private and public Secondary  schools in Ekiiti State are having good and
qualified teachers of Economics   subject.
Scope of the study
The scope of this study is limited to finding out the comparative academic performance of Secondary  school Students in Economics   in six (6) different Secondary  schools selected from three   local governments. The research is delimited to male andfemale Students, teachers and head teachers. Therefore, teachers and Students of Economics   are covered by the study.



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