EFFECTS OF PRACTICALS ON STUDENTS’ ACADEMIC ACHIEVEMENT IN PHYSICS
TABLE
OF CONTENTS
Contents Page
TITLE PAGE
CERTIFICATION PAGE
APPROVAL PAGE
DEDICATION
ACKOWLEDGEMENT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER
I – INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
Statement of the
Problem
Research Hypothesis
Purpose of the Study
Significant of the Study
Scope of the Study
Limitation of the Study
CHAPTER II – REVIEW OF LITERATURE
Review of Literature
Instructional
Resource
Model and
Specimens
Physical
Facilities
Physical
Environment/Facilities
Staff
Quality Dedication
Teaching
Physics Via Practical Activity
Some of the
Factors That Affect Effective Physics Practical
Management
in Secondary Schools
CHAPTER
III – METHODOLOGY
Research Design
Population of the Study
Samle and Sampling
Technique(s)
Instrument for Data
collection
Data Analysis
Technique(s)
CHAPTER
IV – PRESENTATION AND INTERPRETATION OF RESULT
Research Question
1/Hypothesis 1
Table 1
Interpretation
Research Question
2/Hypothesis 2
Table
Interpretation
Research Question
3/Hypothesis 3
Table
Interpretation
Research Question
4/Hypothesis 4
Table
Interpretation
CHAPTER
V – SUMMARY, CONCLUSSION AND RECOMMENDATION
Summary of the Study
Conclusion
Recommendations
REFERENCES
APPENDICES
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ABSTRACT
This Research is primarily based on the
Effect of Academic Achievement in Physics in some Secondary School in Owo Local
Government Area, Ondo State. The school were randomly selected the result wer
based on the responses to the questionnaire designed to the necessary
information about the effect of Practical Activities on the Academic
Achievement in Physics in the Senior Secondary Schools. The schools used for
data collection comprise of both mixed and single sexed schools where the
students responded to the questionnaire prepared for them respectively. four
research questions were formulated and tested by analyzing the collected data
through the application of the percentages. All the results obtained upheld the
research questions. It is therefore concluded from the data analysis that
students with encourage equipment, the facilities available, teachers
qualification, motivation and intrest, all have effect on the academic achivement
of students in Physics in the Senior Secondary School and due to the fact that
all these points have be rightly supplied in good proportion, they all
contribute to the students’ faliure in Owo Local Government Area, where this
research was made.
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
Backgroung of the Study
The inclusion of physics in the senior
secondary school curriculum and recent great emphasis on practical activities
on the educational achievement of physics are connected with the various roles
that physics as a subject plays in improving science and technology.
Physics is a branch of science that
deals with nature and matter, their formation how they are formed under
different conditions. It involves many other disciplines such as Mathematics,
Chemistry, Biology, Medicine and Agriculture. Since physics is the study of
matter in relation to energy which is geared towards proving individuals for
biological physics and chemical studies as professional in the nearest future
it therefore should not be taught in abstract resulting to mere accumulation of
theoretical knowledge, However, the physics teacher should enrich the teaching
learning process with use of adequate relevant instructional resources so as to
better actualize the laid down objectives for the importation of physics
knowledge in order for the student to achieve their educational goal and
objective and solve social, medical and agricultural problems.
It is important to note at this point
in time that the effect of practical activities on student performance in
physics can be cause by non effective teaching of physics and learning. Akinpelumi (1981) defines teaching as a
conscious effort on the part of an experienced person to import information
knowledge and skill through communication to less experience person.
Farran (1982) says, there is a story
relationship between the component of teaching learning and educational
achievement process which involve the teacher, learner and the instructional
materials. In this relationship, the teacher interacts with the learner and the
institutional material at the same time for proper achievement of goal.
Since
learning can be summarized as a process of a acquiring skill, subject matter,
habit, altitudes perception interest, social adjustment and ideals. However
Education is the total learning experience which one acquire under the guidance
of an approved, trained, qualified and competent person which one function are
performed excellently in the society which belongs. However instructional
materials are tools or devices used for illustrating concept in a subject
matter. They range from elementary devices to highly sophisticated machine
specially design to help one of the ways by which the student can be encourage
to perform well is by introducing practical activities through the use of
appropriate learning resources. These include textbook, periodic charts, model,
pictures and displays, computer and audiovisual materials.
The researcher is of the opinion that the
effective use of instructional material, is of relevance to the. This can be
achieved through careful explanation of
concept, process and manipulative skills by the teacher academic performance of
student in physics knowledge thereby ,removing the tedious difficulty of
abstract explanation and field satisfactorily result. Physics therefore, should
be offered in school not just as school requirement and prerequisite for
further study but also as means of helping an individual to be aware of the
physical process in his immediate environment using a method that is creatively
practical oriented.
Statement of the Problem
Practical work constitute an integral part
of science, it involves various activities it has been discovered that physics
is very expensive in nature. For example, the equipment (pulley, stop watch,
pendulum bob) are fragile and easily be destroy during practical. Also the
lens, the prism and expensive and despite that, most of them are dispose after
every experiment student are exposed to hazards and some of them would tamper
with harmful chemicals. There are also no store room to keep the bulky chemical
and apparatus in school.
In teaching practical physics, the strive
to operate in an environment characterized by grossly in adequate instructional
materials and poorly motivational factors. Specifically, this research is to
find out the relative effect of practical activities on Student Educational
Academic Achievement in physics in Secondary School of the important of
integrity theory with practical work. To what extent does practical affects
student performance and why student fail to show interest in learning physics.
Research Hypotheses
a) Do facilities for practical activities affect the students”
academic achievement.
b) Do student learning conditions and facilities affect academic
achievement
c) Do teacher interest and motivation have effect on the academic
achievement of student”.
d) Would the student attitude toward physics have an effect on their
future pursuit?
Purpose of the Study
This research is design to find out
the effect of practical activities on academic achievement of student in
physics. To examine the effective communication of teachers using teaching
aids. To find out whether the instructional materials made for the purpose of achieving
its goal functions or not.
Significance of the Study
It is the sincere desire of the
researcher to establish the fact that practical work helps student to acquire
basic skills and scientific knowledge which improves their performances by
revealing the chemical process that takes place in chemical reaction and also
the final product of the reaction. This brings about long term memory on the
part of the student.
Practical activities motivates
learners to develop some independent leadership skills like setting up
apparatus and equipment, observation of physics processes and results
collection and interpretation of data and also the improvising of local model
making themselves relevant and competent. Practical activities encourage
learners to be focus and mind setting despite the climatic and atmospheric
condition of the laboratory which the learner is not tired or feed up since
they can predict what will the solution gives
Scope of Study
In this study, the investigation was
restricted to a few teacher and student of the following Secondary School in Owo Town
due to shortage of time and finance
Owo High School
New Church Grammar School
St Louis Grammar School
Methodist High School
St Catherine Grammar School
Limitation of the Study
If there is any slight deviation from
the extent situation to seek to highlight it must be due to the fact that most
secondary school principal and teacher refuse to accept the deficiency of
laboratory equipment in their school for fear of low admission and recognition
of the school by government agency.
The research work was also limited by
time and money as a student prepared to test and examination very soon there
might not be time to visit all the secondary schools schedule for survey and
there not be sufficient financial support to transport to all the appropriate
area probably planned to visit the research work was also limited by the
correction of appropriate teachers for instance where chemistry teachers was
appointed to set up laboratory for physics practical forgetting that the
apparatus use in the chemistry laboratory was not the same with that of
physics. This can also limit the study of good performance of physics student
in practical’s.
