A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE OF STUDENT IN ECONOMICS IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SENIOR SECONDARY SCHOOL
ABSTRACT
This research examined a comparative
analysis of trend of academic performance of students in Economics in both
public and private senior secondary schools. This research used senior
secondary certificate examination (SSCE) school record of result in Economics
for the period of 2010-2014 and a teachers questionnaire administered to 10
schools in Ikole local government area of Ekiti-state.
Frequency count, percentage and
person product of moment correlation statistics were used for data analysis.
The result revealed that private schools are better in academic performance than
public secondary schools in the last five years. The research also revealed
that, there is difference between the state of educational resources in private
and public senior secondary schools. The study recommends that, government
should employ more qualified teachers into public schools, to improve the
library facilities supply, teaching aids and build more classrooms that is very
conducive for teaching and learning economic.
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CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUNDOFTHE STUDY
The
rate at which students are withdraw from the public secondary school to private
secondary schools is higher in the opinion that student are performing better
academically in the private schools than public schools, this has lead to the rapid growth and increase
in the number of private secondary schools in Ikole local government
In
the 70’s to early 80’s, the numbers of private schools were so small when
compared with the number of public school for instance, there was only one
private secondary school in Ikole before 1986, within 1986 and 1988, the number
was increased to ten. It has been discovered that the products of private schools
are better in academic performance than public secondary schools. Also, the
result of competition in mathematics and science subjects conduct by the
ministry of Education in Ekiti state in October 2001 reflected that the first
fifth school are private schools.
All
these development have been a source concern to parents and observers. This is
generally so, because people of this local government area are generally attach
the great value to education
Moreover,
when pupils are withdraw from public schools, in most cases, they could not be
fixed into the same class in the private schools on account of their inability
to cope (AAUA Educational magazine NO 19, August). Another thing to note is the
area of language. Students in private school are defective in English language
speaking and Writing, Ojo (2001), through the teachers make law from time
discourage the puplic from speaking vernacular always but the time do not last
in our public schools.
The
above fact shad more light or why parent to send their children to private
schools than public school despite the relatively high cost. It is also
worthing to note that there is no local government or variable town in the
state of local government area. It is therefore considered desirable to
undertake a study on comparative analysis of the trend of academics performance
in Economics in public and private
secondary schools in Ikole local Government to further ascertain whether the general belief that
private secondary schools are better than public secondary school in misplace
or not.
1:2 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
The study takes a look at the trend
of academic performance of the students in economics in both the private and
public secondary school with a view ascertaining why.
Teachers
in private school are more committed to their teaching work than public schools
and some parents often gross check the assignment, class work and notes of
their students (children) and anytime that they found inadequate in this
normally refers to all the teachers or school headmaster.
In
term of motivation and remuneration, teachers in the private secondary schools
are more motivated than the teachers in public secondary schools in terms of
regular payment of salary and the result in opposite. The salary of public
schools teacher are always delay in which it always leads to frequent strike
action and base on it they don’t put their best in teaching and motivating students to learn in
the public secondary schools. Moreover, the qualification and experience and
teachers in public schools are not adequate. It is very penitent that most
teachers teaching economics are not qualified but some of them are now pursing
degree in education and those with (N.C.E) Nigeria certificate in Education
have now furthered their education to attain the degree certificate.
Furthermore,
in the area of pupils (teacher ratio the public school pupils, teachers -teacher
ratio are inadequate with about 1:60 and moderate and the conducive pupils
teachers ratio is 1:60 and the moderate and conducive pupils teacher ratio is
1:40 or less than that, on this note the teachers student relationship will not
be effective, learning cannot take place and this reduces the better
performance students in public schools when we compare the private school with
the public teachers ratio 1:35. The educational facilities in private are more
adequate when compare to public schools.
Nowadays,
private equipped with computer, projectors aids, modern teaching aids, but
government were unable to produce these kind of teaching aids in public school.
For this reason there is a disparity in teaching and leaning in public and
private secondary school which brought better performance in private secondary
schools than public secondary schools. According to Oso (2000) in his research
on the attitude of parents toward the academic performance of their student, he
said, it is the duty of the parent to produce writing materials for their
children in the public secondary schools since the education in Ekiti-state is
free. But in private, the writing materials such as table and chairs are been
supplied by the school, his research ascertained that majority of public
secondary schools students lack writing
materials, some are complaining of lack of biro, note book, some don’t even
have table and chair, he now appeal to government to
supply all these materials to the attached public secondary schools in Ikole local
government and the state as a whole. When I went round some selected public schools in Ikole
local government, it is very clear to me that there is no up to date textbooks
in the school library. But in the private schools libraries their relevant and
up to date textbooks in my research and personal interview to the student, the
buying of textbook is a compulsory task and the library materials is
supplementary in the private secondary schools. These fact tend to promote
better performance of student in private schools.
1.3 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The
broad objective of this study is compare the trend in academic performance of
the student in Economics in public and private secondary schools in Ikole local
government Area and identify the factors responsible for the observable trend. In the high of this, the study set out to
specifically:
(i ) Identify the trend of academic
performance of senior secondary schools student
in private and public school in the last five years.
ii Identify the factors responsible
for the academic performance of student in Economics in public and private
secondary schools in the last five years.
iii Identify whether the student in
private secondary school perform better than their counterpart in public schools
in Economics in the last five year.
iv Identify whether there is any
difference between the state of education resources
(Audio, Visual) and reading material in private and public senior schools.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTION
Effort would be made to answer the
following research questions.
i.
What is the trend of academic performance of senior
secondary schools in private and public school in the last five years?
ii.
Is
there any difference in the observable trend of student academic performance in
Economics in the private and public schools in the last five years?
iii.
Do
student in private secondary schools perform better than their counterpart in
public school in the Economics in the last five years?
iv.
Is
there any differences the states educational Resources (Audio visual recording
materials) in private and public secondary schools?
v.
Is
there any difference between Economics teacher education or professional
qualification and experienced in private and public secondary schools?
1.5 SIGNIFICANT OF THE STUDY
Taking into consideration, the
general attitude of the people to wards education and educating their children,
there is need for ensuring normality in educational programme, pursuance and
achievement in both private and public schools.
In
Ikole where the local government secretariat is sited in particularly, the cogent
industry is education. It is necessary that to work towards how quantitative education
is given with ease so that student in both private
and public schools achieve the best desire of their heart.
This
work will enlighten the parents in general, to have an open mind toward the
education of their children and of the people
in the public schools. They should provide all necessary needs of their
children as that of private schools the two will see themselves as equal so as
to avoid superiority or inferiority complex from building parent up in parent
and student, from private and public secondary schools.
This
study also enlightens both private and puplic schools operation to see themselves
as a partner in progress and not as rivals. They will go a long way in bringing
dignity into the academic performance in both state schools and compensating
the other.
Furthermore,
this study is more relevant to government in supervising the work done by the
teacher of public secondary schools. The employment of qualified and adequate
teachers teaching in public secondary schools. The payment of teacher salaries
and benefits that cause strike action all the time which reduces work done by
the teachers in public schools must be address to enhance better academic
performance in public schools.
Generally,
puplic we be enlighten that, the success in the academic performance in the
public and private secondary schools is not the duties of the government and
parent alone by the duty of general public proclaiming the gospel of western education have a way of
improving growth and academic development in the country. By so doing, people
and the entire community will see the important reasons why academic
performance in our secondary school should be eradicated. It must be noted that
the examination bodies in conjuction with ministry of education should perform
their role in making our student in secondary schools performing better academically.
1.6 SCOPE OF THE STUDY
despite the fact that their many
secondary schools in Nigeria, this project is centered on six secondary schools
where are public and the remaining three are private in a particular area in
Ikole local government in Ekiti-state. Ikole
local government was created in time of oId
ondo state with eighteen(18) post primary schools in Ikole local
government, the local government has ten (10)post primary institution offering
economics in tier curriculum .
the
study is delimited to senior secondary schools the external examination
conducted in all subject area including economics at this level of education
and easy accessibility to senior secondary schools in Ikole local government
area under study.
DEFINITION OF TERMS
Academic standard: This is a criteria
established by educational institute to determine levels of student
achievement. International institution to determine levels of student
achievement. International dictionary of Education (page and Hiomes 1977) page
201 social provison of service concern
helping those number of society least able to help themselves (page and Hiomes
)1977 page 315
Academic
performance: Is the degree of educational accomplishment as a result of expose
to learning experience which could be quality quatitatively Judge
Teaching
Devices or Aids: This is broadly inclusive
term signifying materials of any means, used by a teacher to promote
stimulate or motivate learning for
example textbook, visual aids, model project, drill e.t.c
Experience
Economics :Teacher of economic is a person who have been teaching have being
teaching the economics for the past fives years, and above, and he or she has
broaded knowledge pf teaching with a good teaching methodology.
Professional
Qualify Teacher: this the capabilty of a teacher to posses and attain a level infellectual dispensation in a
course of study with a great dignity and important to society due to the role
he performed e.g the teacher is a professional in teaching which the lawyer is
a professional in law e.t.c
Professional
Quality Economics: This a person who was trained in teaching economics in
university with a degree in Economics and education e.g B.SC. Ed Economics B.SC
Economics plus P.G.D.E, Bed Economics
The
professional unqualified Economic economic,:This is a person who went to the
university to study course related to
Economics without having teaching knowledge who study Business education at
N.C.E level without degree in Economics
Private
school: This is a school that is established by private individual or
organization in which is not founded by government but by the order organisers
of people that establish the school, individual or organisation establish private inorder to impact knowledge
to student and at the same time, also, to make profit.
Public
schools:this is the school that established and fund by the government and own
by the government with the aim of helping it citizen inorder to be educated not
to ,make profit like the private schools.
RESEARCH HYPOTHESIS
The following hypothesis were
formulated to guide the study:
1.There is no significance difference
of states educational resources (Audio-visual/ Recording materials)between
private and secondary school .
2. There is significant. Difference
of students in private secondary schools performing better than those puplic schools in Economics in the last five
years.
3. There is no significance
differences between observable student trend of academic performance in
economics in the private and public schools in the last five years.
