EFFECT OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

EFFECT OF SCHOOL ENVIRONMENT ON STUDENTS ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE IN FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS

CHAPTER ONE

INTRODUCTION

Background to the study

It has been observed that there exists inequality in the academic performance of students. Many assumptions have been made as to the causes of this inequality. Such researchers have traced these differences to be hereditary while some traced it to prevailing environmental condition. Some researchers even combined the two as a factor affecting students’ academic performance in Financial Accounting.

It is the belief of the researcher that the environment in which the students find his or herself should be seen as a first hand factor that affects the students’ academic achievement. This is because environment in the whole encompasses individuals, therefore the norms and culture should be seen as a miniature within the environment. Thus, the environment serves as a focal point on which all other factors contributing to students’ academic depends. Ezewu (2007) affirmed this when he said that environment in both physical and social, and that both geographical and social condition affects the child physically, mentally, and emotionally. He stressed further that educators should be interest in their children’s “environment”, as this rather than heredity is the phenomenon they can readily assess and control. This research project aims at taking into consideration all the environments.

Many researches have been conducted in many countries of the World to find out the influence of environmental factors on students’ academic performance in Financial Accounting

The education profession itself has experienced significant changes and revisions of curriculum and programme requirements in the past decades. The changes brought new educational challenges and opportunities. Although some schools experienced enrolment declines from time to time most schools enrolment have notably increased in all parts of the country and every community.

Educational standards are continuously revised and often raided while competitions for high achieving secondary school students have intensified (Chu & Hossler, 2000; Mcpherson and Shapiro, 2008). The initiatives are intended to meet challenges stemming from increased demand for educational reforms and new programmes. Indeed the key to enhance learning is the creation of an environment that encourages secondary school students to pursue educational activities in and outside classrooms. In the increasingly competition markets for high quality students entering schools, there is a need to identify and evaluate the effect of the factor that affect the decisions to attend a particular performance and satisfaction in schools, such factors include  the family socio-economic background, educational achievements of both parents on students’ academic performance in Financial Accounting. These factors create a learning environment that affect positive school outcomes and performance (Kuh and Hu, 2001). Furthermore, the level of education and the social status of parents are perceived as factors that foster a socio-cultural background conducive to positive school experience and learning.

Some of the researchers have found that environmental factors had significantly lower students’ performance in rural area than the urban area (Crawford, 2002). This assertion was shared by Urwick (2000) who reported that teachers’ preference for urban residence has been a major reason of the bias in quality of education. This was in support of Adeyinka (2007) argument that more teachers often leave teaching in rural areas as a stepping stone to more respectable and rewarding careers. Confirming this point, Bello & Bello (2010) reported that in Nigeria, many young unmarried teachers often consider teaching in a rural school as starting point of their careers for a few years and after establishing themselves on the job, they often move to urban centers to settle down. In other developing countries some situation was found. Tarring, Faraj (2000) found out in Pakistan that there is the reluctance of teachers particularly female, to accept a rural posting, they also found that there were numerous applications for urban posts while small rural school division had fewer applications. This lead to the shortage of trained teachers in rural areas than urban areas.

In terms of performance, Raven (2001) reported that urban students exhibit a greater increase in academic ability and preparation than rural schools Ridzuan (2001).

Education has often identified as an instrument of development of societies and individuals. Hence as a way of life, it serves as a means of transmission and preservation of the core issue in every culture. Although three types of educations are known to exist, the type under this study is the formal education. Most societies tend to build their national hope and aspiration upon this because of its competence in the instrumentality of production of high level skilled manpower for administrative, scientific and engineering utilization. Since student are in a unique position to provide an assessment of their choice of school.

 

Statement of the Problem

The problem of this study is to find out the effect of the environment on the academic achievement of secondary school students in Accounting within the local government area of the study.

Although the state government has taken several measures such as providing facilities and rehabilitation of roads as well as rebuilding of some schools, yet it seems that the performance of students has not justified the huge amount of money which the government has been spending. The problem of this research therefore is to examine the level in which environmental factors decline the students’ academic performance in Financial Accounting in Ikere-Ekiti Local government area of Ekiti state.

Purpose  of the Study

The purposes of this study are:

1. To examine the relationship between school environment and the student academic performance financial accounting
2. To examine the impact of school facilities on the academic performance of  students  in financial
3. To explore factors such as class size that have been perceived to promote or inhibit students learning in the academic process of students in secondary school
4. To investigate the extent to which school location affects the academic achievement of secondary school students.

Research Questions

1. Is there any relationship between school environment and the student academic performance?
2. To what extent do school facilities affect student performance in secondary school?
3. What effect does class size has on the academic performance of students in secondary school?
4. To what extent does school location has on the achievement of secondary school students?

Significance of the Study

It is hoped that this study will provide information for parents, educators and school administrators to reflect upon various factors that help students in achieving their academic goals. In so doing, they can investigate the possibility of introducing those factors to their school, which may consequently lead to enhancing students’ educational outcomes in school. In addition, the fact that this study is conducted in public schools, it shares quite a lot of similarities with  many other counterparts. In this connection, this study provides a valuable reference for other schools to reflect upon the school environment as it affect the academic performance of student in secondary school.

 Scope of the Study

This research work focuses on effect of environment on academic performance of secondary school students in financial accounting in some selected secondary schools in Ikere Local Government Area Of Ekiti State. This research work  covers five  secondary schools students in Ikere Ekiti Local Government Area Of Ekiti State.

 

 

Research Hypothesis

H_o¹      There is no significant difference between school environment and the student academic performance in Financial Accounting

H_o²      There is no significant difference between school facilities and academic performance  of students in financial accounting

H_o³      There is no significant difference between class size and academic performance  of students in financial accounting

H_o⁴      There is no significant difference between school location and academic performance  of students in financial accounting

 

 

CHAPTER TWO

REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE

INTRODUCTION

For the purpose of the study, this chapter presents literature review and would be organized under the following sub – heading:

• Conceptual framework
• Concept of Learning Environment
• Concept of Academic Performances
• Concept of School Environment and Academic Performance
• Influence of School Facilities and Academic Performance
• Concept of Class-Size and child academic performance
• School Climate as it Affects Academic Performance
• Theoretical framework
• Review of Related Empirical framework
• Summary of literature review

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