IMPACT OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF BUSINESS STUDIES



IMPACT OF INSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS ON THE TEACHING AND LEARNING OF BUSINESS STUDIES
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
Background of the Study
The influence of instructional materials in promoting students' academic performance and teaching and learning in educational development is indisputable. The teaching of business studies in Nigerian secondary schools needs to be properly handled. Instructional materials are materials which assist teachers to make their lessons explicit to learners. They are also used to transmit information, ideas and notes to learners Ijaduola (2007). Instructional materials include both visuals and audiovisuals such as pictures, flashcards, posters, charts, tape recorder, radio, video, television and computers. If education program is to be planned and if efforts for continued improvement are to be made, it is very necessary to  have  some  conception the  goal  that  are being  aimed  at the educational objectives become a criteria by which material are selected, content is outline, instructional procedures are developed.
Education, according to Coombs (2006), consists of two components. He classified these two components into inputs and output. According to him, inputs consist of human and materials resource and output are the goals and outcome of the educational process. Both whole and if one wants to investigate and assess the education system in order to improve its performance, effects of one component the other must be examined. Instructional materials which are educational input are of vital importance to the teaching of any subject in the school curriculum.
In all human society past and present, education has been instrumental impacting positively to the survival of individuals and the society. Indeed instructional materials provides concepts and attitudes to the student which improved his skills, ability to reason and makes him/her informed about what is going on globally. Education has helped to bring the entire world into an entity through the information and knowledge education has helped us to achieve. Instructional materials are an aid to teaching and learning. It helps to raise learning   from  verbalization  to   practical   aspect   of teaching   and   learning Instructional materials make teaching and learning interesting, easy and amusing It makes learning more effective Clark (2007).
In another development, the use of instructional materials makes different continents to shape their rules and regulations, to accommodate the others. This is done by providing them with the socio-cultural and political ways and accommodate another. An instructional material makes students understand more effective Olardi (2006), has highlighted the impact of instructional materials that teachers use to improve the students from understanding and perception of the subject as an enhanced aid.
Kay (2008), instructional materials stimulate the students desire to learn.it assist learning process by making assimilation and memorization of materials Also, it helps to hold attention, include greeted acquisition and, as well as objectives which may be in accessible to many students.
Statement of the Problem
The relevance and effect of instructional materials has lot of general benefits guides a greater impact teaching and learning process in business studies. The teacher’s level of resourcefulness, creativity and imagination is credited to the achievement of quality education in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. There is a fair use of instructional materials during account class which makes teaching and learning activities more theoretical, abstract and ineffective.
Instructional materials are major determining variables that control the pace of learning. It has to do with the creation of an environment in which students can develop their full potentials and lead productive live in accordance with demand interest and needs.  For learning to be meaningful and permanent, it is necessary that instructional must be used. Therefore this study has the problem of finding out the relevance and effects of instructional materials in teaching and learning of business studies in sensior secondary schools in Ikere local government area.
Purpose of the Study
The main purpose of the study was to determine the relevance and effect of instructional materials in teaching aid and learning of business studies in senior secondary schools in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. Specifically, the study aimed:
1. To determine the relevance of instructional materials to teachers and learners.
2. To examine the factors affecting the use of instructional materials in business studies.
3. To determine the impacts of instructional materials on the academic performance of secondary schools students in business studies in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state.
4.To determine the effect of fund on the use of instructional materials 
Significance of the Study
`The findings of the study will be of much help to students, researcher and teachers in secondary schools. This is so because the report of this study will serve as a good reference document to learners when conducting  research on the impact of instructional materials in teaching and learning to raise it as an issue during parents-teachers meeting in school.
Scope of the Study
The main focus of this study is the impact of instructional materials on the teaching and learning of business studies in senior secondary schools in Ikere local government Area.

Research Questions
The researcher provided answers to the following questions:
1.     What is the relevance of instructional materials to teaching and learning?
2.     What is the attitude of students towards the use of instructional material?
3.     What is the impact of instructional materials on teachers’ task and academic achievement?
4.     What is the impact of instructional materials on the academic performance of students?
5.     What are effect of fund on the use of the instructional materials?
Assumptions of the Study
The researcher assumed that instructional materials in business studies are not used in most secondary schools in Ikere local government area of Ekiti state. Most of the schools do not have knowledge about the relevance of instructional materials in business studies and this is really affecting the teaching and learning in most secondary schools.


CHAPTER II
Literature Review
Relevant literature to this study will be reviewed under the following sub-headings
·        Concept of Teaching and Learning among Secondary School Students
·        Teaching and learning process
·        The impact of instructional materials in the academic performance of secondary school students
·        The factor affecting the use of instructional materials in business studies
·        Effect of instructional materials on effective teaching and learning of business studies among secondary schools

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