CAUSES AND POSSIBLE PREVENTION OF PREMARITAL SEX AMONG SECONDARY SCHOOL STUDENTS. (A CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS



CAUSES AND POSSIBLE PREVENTION OF PREMARITAL SEX AMONG  SECONDARY  SCHOOL  STUDENTS. (A  CASE STUDY OF SOME SELECTED SECONDARY SCHOOLS 
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Title page                                                                              
Certification                                                                                     
Dedication                                                                              
Acknowledgement                                                                            
Table of content                                                                   
Abstract                                                                                 
 CHAPTER ONE
1.0 Introduction                                                                     
1.1 Background of the study                                              
1.2 Statement of the problem                                                
1.3 Purpose of the study                                                            
1.4 Research questions                                                            
1.5 Significance of the study                                                  
1.6 Limitation of the study                                                     
1.7 Definition of terms                                                           
 CHAPTER TWO
2.0 Literature review                                                             
2.1 Objectives of the study                                                     
2.2 Review of relevant literature                                                       
CHAPTER THREE
3.0 Research method                                                              
3.1 Research design                                                                
3.2 Population of the study                                                    
3.3 Sample and sampling techniques                                               
3.4 Research instruments                                                       
3.5 Validation of research instruments                                            
3.6 Data collection                                                                           
3.7 Data analysis                                                                    
CHAPTER FOUR
4.0 Data analysis, result and discussion                                 
CHAPTER FIVE
5.0 Summary, conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Summary                                                                       
5.2 Conclusion                                                                       
5.3 Recommendations                                                            
References                                                                          
Appendix                                                                              
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ABSTRACT
          The study is about causes and possible prevention of premarital sex among secondary school students in some selected secondary schools in Ifedore Local Government Area of Ondo State.
A hundred (100) questionnaires were administered to students from five different schools in the local government.
The analysis of the results showed that the causes of premarital sex among secondary school students are:
1.     Sex for enjoyment
2.     Peer group imitation of premarital sex
3.     Participating in discussion of sexual topics
4.     Reading about contraception from books.
5.     Parental influence
6.     Broken homes
7.     Poor family background
8.     Visual reasons
It was therefore recommended that premarital sex for enjoyment among secondary school students should be discouraged by the parents, teachers, school counselors and government, students should not be allowed to discuss sexual matters with any of their peer groups except their parents and other professional social workers.



CHAPTER ONE
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
          Due to civilization in our own era, premarital sex which is having sexual intercourse out of marriage is now a common thing among our youth especially among secondary school students.
          We all now believe that it is only those who are not civilized that preserve their virginity unlike in the olden days when people cherished virginity.
          Due to this civilization our youths are so wise and open to look for contraceptive which may be drug, or device in order to preserve them from the outcome crisis of premarital sex. Parents are now anxious about their own children and seriously show concern with the rate at which students engage in premarital sex. For example a parent of four female children, some even fear sending them to secondary schools.
This is particularly true because they observed that many of them have become the victims of premarital sex crisis such as follows:
It leads to unwanted pregnancies, unwanted pregnancies lead to abortion which if care is not taken can easily lead to loss of life or damage  the womb which can later resulted to barrenness for the rest of one’s life. Also it leads to early marriage, this can easily happen when one can’t risk abortion. Premarital sex causes illegimate parenthood. It can hinder one’s educational plan. To crown it all, premarital sex can lead to sexually transmitted diseases like gonorrhea, syphilis and even acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS).
          Despite all the above crisis, very many of them still keep on engaging in it, where as in Africa as a whole the  issue of premarital sex has not gained a full social support up till now.
          Unlike the societies where premarital sex is allowed, they have institutionalized it and so premarital sex is regarded as a proper and useful activity because they have developed a supporting sex institutional arrangement which makes it safe and harmless.
          However, I now see premarital sex crisis as a serious social problem in our society because of its effects on the youth and education of the nation as a whole. In other to get solution to this premarital sex crisis, investigation into the causes of premarital sex among secondary schools students in Ifedore local government area of Ondo state.
1.2 STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
          Due to large number of students in Ifedore local government area of Ondo state who are falling victims of premarital sex, it has become mandatory for the government and well meaning Nigeria educationalist to look for solutions to the causes of premarital sex   among secondary school students.
          Consequently, the researcher embarks on this research to examine the causes of premarital sex among secondary school students in Ifedore local government area of Ondo state and investigate the incidence of premarital sex.
1.3 PURPOSE OF THE STUDY
          The reason for this research is to investigate the causes and possible preventions of premarital sex among secondary school students and also to show the involvement of parents, teachers and government as well.
1.4 RESEARCH QUESTIONS
          For the purpose of this study, the following questions have been asked.
1.     Is sex for enjoyment the causes of premarital sex among secondary school students?
2.     Are parents the causes of premarital sex among secondary school students?
3.     Do pear group influences cause premarital sex among secondary school students?
4.     Is sexual education capable of reducing premarital sex among secondary school students?
5.     Are counselors capable of reducing premarital sex among secondary school student?
The following hypotheses are formulated. It has been detected that sex for enjoyment is a cause of premarital sex among secondary school students.
Discussion of sexual topics is a factor causing premarital sex among secondary school students.
Imitation is a cause of premarital sex among secondary school students. Reading about contraception from books is a factor responsible for premarital sex among secondary school students.
1.5 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY
          This research work will be of great value to the students, their parents, teachers, counselors and government as a whole when completed. Also, it will create awareness and educate the readers on the dangers inherent in premarital sex.
          It will also be usable to the ministry of education which has made research study possible in formulating education policies. Furthermore, the study will shed more light on the consequences of premarital sex among secondary school students. It is hoped that the research work will provoke further research work.  Equally, it will give an opportunity to parents to educate their children in premarital sex among the school age.
1.6 LIMITATION OF THE STUDY
          The researcher intends to carry out the research work in some selected schools within Ifedore local government area of Ondo state. The study is restricted to five secondary schools in Ifedore local government area due to the distance from one school to another.
1.7 DEFINITION OF TERMS 
The following terms that are used in the research work are defined for clarity purpose to the readers and they are as follows:
a.     Premarital sex:   having sexual intercourse before marriage.
b.     Abortion: means ending of pregnancy of an early stage or it can be seen as any pregnancies that end before the twentieth week of gestation. There are three general categories to be considered. Miscarriage or spontaneous abortions, include all intrauterine pregnancies that end involuntarily whether the pregnancy was intended, desired or not.
c.      Spontaneous abortion: The most common causes of spontaneous miscarriage is genetic problem. Several large studies involving cytogenesis analysis of thousands of aborted pregnancies have documented that chromosomal defects account for approximately 50 percent of all miscarriage.
d.     Drug abuse: Use of drugs to the extent that it interferes with health, occupation or social adjustment.
e.      Adjustment: outcome of the individual efforts to deal with stress and met his needs.
f.       Civilization: a society, its culture and its way of life during a particular period of time or in a particular part of the world.
g.     Crisis: A time of great danger, difficulty or confusion when problems must be solved or important decisions must be taken or made.
CHAPTER TWO
2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW
2.1 OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY
The main objectives of this research work are to pin point the causes of premarital sex among secondary school students in Ifedore local government area of Ondo state.
2.2 LITERATURE REVIEW
The related literature is reviewed under the following sub-headings.
1.     The concept of premarital sex
2.     General attitude towards premarital sex.
3.     The causes of premarital sex.
4.     The consequences of premarital sex.
5.     Introduction to sex education
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